- Maar: A
more-or-less circular flat bottomed lake or pond in a volcanic crater
produced by a volcanic explosion.
- Magma:
Molten rock from within the earth's surface.
- Magma
Chamber: The underground cavity which contains the magma which
erupts from the volcano.
-
Monogenetic: A volcano resulting from one eruption.
- Nuées
Ardentes: The French term used to describe an extremely hot mass
of gas-charged cinders which is projected at high velocity down a
mountain.
-
Phreatic Eruption: A volcanic explosion caused by the meeting of
water and highly-heated volcanic rocks, usually resulting in a violent
release of steam and debris.
-
Phreatomagmatic: A volcanic explosion caused by the meeting of
water and magma.
-
Phreatic Eruption: A volcanic explosion caused by the meeting of
water and highly-heated volcanic rocks, usually resulting in a violent
release of steam and debris.
-
Phreatomagmatic: A volcanic explosion caused by the meeting of
water and magma.
- Pillow
Lava: Pillow-like segments of lava formed underwater.
- Pipe:
A vertical volcanic conduit through which magma is issued.
- Pit
Crater: A crater resulting from a hollowed a weak underlying
structure, created by implosion, or sinking of the surface crust.
- Plate
Tectonics: The ten different fragments of the earth's crust which
are believed to be slowly shifting in relation to one another.
Tectonic shifts are at the source of continental shifts, earthquakes,
and volcanic eruptions.
-
Plinian Eruption: A large explosive event that shoots immense
stream of gas and tephra into the stratosphere.
- Plug:
Hardened lava that obstructs the conduit of a volcano.
- Plug
Dome: a rounded, obstructing mound resulting from
accumulation of viscous lava into a crater.
- Pluton:
A body of igneous rock formed underneath the earth's crust by
consolidated magma.
-
Pyroclastic: Fragmented rocks of volcanic origin.
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